How to use “senza che”: Italian grammar lesson

An interactive lesson guiding you from key takeaways to expert insights. Comes with Q&A, useful vocabulary, interactive audio, quizzes and games.

Abbiamo fatto una pausa senza che lui se ne accorgesse.
Abbiamo fatto una pausa senza che lui se ne accorgesse.
Abbiamo fatto una pausa senza che lui se ne accorgesse.
Published Jun 29, 2021
Updated Aug 5, 2025
Written by
Italian language tutor, course author. MEng, MBA. Member of the International Association of Hyperpolyglots (HYPIA). After learning 12 languages, I can tell you that we all master languages by listening and mimicking. I couldn’t find an app to recommend to my students, so I made my own one. With my method, you’ll be speaking Italian from Lesson 1.
Reviewed by
A linguist specializing in psycholinguistics and Italian language education. I hold a Research Master’s in Linguistics and teach Italian, passionately connecting research with practical teaching.

Key Takeaways

  • Senza che translates to "without" and is used with a subjunctive verb when subjects differ in clauses.
  • When using senza che, the subjunctive mood is necessary to express uncertainty or hypothetical situations.
  • For present events, use the present subjunctive; for past events, use the imperfect subjunctive after senza che.
  • Examples include: “Dimmelo senza che lei ci ascolti” meaning "Tell me without her listening."
  • Use senza che only when the subjects of the two clauses are different to maintain grammatical correctness.

Audio images

🔊
Abbiamo fatto una pausa senza che lui se ne accorgesse.
🔊
Mario è uscito senza che sua madre lo vedesse.
🔊
Studiavo senza che mia madre se ne accorgesse.

Audio lesson with 30 sentences to listen and repeat

Italian grammar video lesson

Main Article

What does senza che mean in Italian?

To understand today’s lesson, have a look at the sentence: She walked past without them noticing her.

As you can see in the example above, in English, we used the following structure:without + noun or pronoun (them) + verb ending in -ing (noticing)

Here’s the Italian translation: È passata davanti a loro senza che la vedessero.

Here, senza che + verb is the equivalent of the English structure we gave you above.

How to use senza che with the subjunctive?

Read the following sentence:

Devi fare domanda senza che lui lo sappia.

You should apply without him knowing.

You might not have noticed it, but sappia is in the present subjunctive.

Here’s the complete structure: senza che + pronoun or noun + subjunctive. The subjunctive can either be

  1. present if we’re talking about an event in the present or the future.
  2. imperfect if we’re talking about an event in the past.

Let’s review some examples:

  • senza che + pronoun or noun + present subjunctive

Anna vuole uscire senza che Marco lo sappia.

Anna wants to go out without Marco knowing.

  • senza che + pronoun or noun + imperfect subjunctive

Anna voleva uscire senza che Marco lo sapesse.

Anna wanted to go out without Marco knowing.

However, the following structure…

  • senza che + pronoun or noun + present or imperfect subjunctive

…is the equivalent of…

  • without + pronoun or noun + verb in -ing 

Here’s one more example for you to understand better:

Dimmelo senza che lei ci ascolti.

Tell me without her listening.

Why do we say senza che with the subjunctive?

You might be wondering why we don’t just say senza and that’s it. It’s not because we like to make things complicated.

The reason is we use senza che + subjunctive only when the subjects of the two connected clauses are different.

Let’s have a look at the sentence we saw above one more time:

Dimmelo senza che lei ci ascolti.

Tell me without her listening.

As you can see, we have two subjects: one is tu (you, as in you tell me) and the other one is lei (her, as in her listening).

Since we have two different subjects, we must use this structure with the subjunctive.

Italian subjunctive: present and imperfect

In order to form the congiuntivo presente of regular verbs in Italian, you basically have to keep the root of the verb in the present of the indicative and add the correct endings:

parlare vedere partire
io parli veda parta
tu parli veda parta
lui/lei parli veda parta
noi parliamo vediamo partiamo
voi parliate vediate partiate
loro parlino vedano partano

Here’s the present subjunctive of three of the most common irregular verbs:

essere avere fare
io sia abbia faccia
tu sia abbia faccia
lui / lei sia abbia faccia
noi siamo abbiamo facciamo
voi siate abbiate facciate
loro siano abbiano facciano

As for the Italian congiuntivo imperfetto, most of the verbs are regular.

In order to form the imperfect subjunctive in Italian, you have to remove are, –ere, and –ire from the infinitive (the base form of the verb) and add the correct endings:

parlare vedere partire
io parlassi vedessi partissi
tu parlassi vedessi partissi
lui/lei parlasse vedesse partisse
noi parlassimo vedessimo partissimo
voi parlaste vedeste partiste
loro parlassero vedessero partissero

Here’s the imperfect subjunctive of two of the most common irregular verbs:

essere avere fare
io fossi avessi facessi
tu fossi avessi facessi
lui / lei fosse avesse facesse
noi fossimo avessimo facessimo
voi foste aveste faceste
loro fossero avessero facessero

Senza che and subjunctive: examples

Let’s now focus on some examples with senza che with either the present or imperfect subjunctive.

Possiamo seguirli senza che ci vedano.

We can follow them without them seeing us.

Non posso mandare e-mail senza che lui lo sappia.

I can’t send emails without him knowing.

Non possiamo affrontare il problema senza che voi parliate.

We can’t deal with this problem without you speaking.

È partita senza che io lo sapessi.

She left without me realizing it.

È andato via senza che gli altri lo salutassero.

He left without the others saying goodbye to him.

Mi avete rimproverato senza che io potessi giustificarmi.

You blamed me without me being able to justify myself.

Liz ha chiuso la porta senza che loro se ne accorgessero.

Liz closed the door without them realizing it.

Hanno pagato senza che io gli chiedessi.

They paid without me asking them.

Key Terms and Concepts

Words

senzawithout
chethat
subordinatasubordinate
congiuntivosubjunctive
presentepresent
imperfettoimperfect
verboverb
soggettosubject
regolareregular
irregolareirregular

Phrases

senza chewithout that
congiuntivo presentepresent subjunctive
congiuntivo imperfettoimperfect subjunctive
sappiahe/she knows (subjunctive)
sapessiI knew (subjunctive)
parliyou speak (subjunctive)
siahe/she is (subjunctive)
abbiahe/she has (subjunctive)
fossiI was (subjunctive)
avessiI had (subjunctive)

Sentences

Voglio finire il lavoro senza che lui mi disturbi.

I want to finish the work without him disturbing me.

Sono uscito di casa senza che mia madre se ne accorgesse.

I left the house without my mother realizing.

Ha completato il compito senza che gli altri lo aiutassero.

He completed the task without others helping him.

Andremo al cinema senza che lei lo sappia.

We will go to the cinema without her knowing.

Ha passato l'esame senza che nessuno glielo spiegasse.

She passed the exam without anyone explaining it to her.

FAQs

What does "senza che" mean?

It's te equivalent of without + noun or pronoun + verb ending in -ing in English.

How to form "senza che" + subjunctive?

By using "senza che" + pronoun or noun + present subjunctive (event in the present or in the future) or imperfect subjunctive (an event in the past.).

Why do we say "senza che" with the subjunctive?

When the subjects of the two connected clauses are different.

think in italian reddit

The comments section has moved to the Think In Italian Reddit community. Join today!

Italian word of the day
fiume
Dov’è il fiume più lungo del mondo? È in Sud America.
Where is the longest river in the world? It’s in South America.

What's new

Social signup

Rave Reviews

"I've tried other apps like Babbel and Memrise. None made me fluent or made me feel like I was making much meaningful progress in learning a language."
testimonial 2
Ecem Topcu
Aug 7, 2025
"While other courses rely heavily on translation, grammar exercises, or memorization, Think in Italian makes you comfortable speaking Italian like an Italian."
testimonial 1
Deborah Hause
Jul 11, 2025
"While other courses rely heavily on translation, grammar exercises, or memorization, Think in Italian makes you comfortable speaking Italian like an Italian."
testimonial 3
Dom Scott
Jun 21, 2025
"Absolutely marvelous course. I have been using other learning apps, good enough, but I was getting fed up of the monotony and lack of stimuli. I found this course by accident, good accidents do happen."
testimonial 6
Bernard Evans
Jun 2, 2025
"This course is excellent. It's well organized and teaches Italian sentence structure and vocabulary in a logical progression. I've made good progress with Think In Italian."
testimonial 4
George Dielemans
May 27, 2025
"Think in Italian is brilliant. It is the basis of my Italian leaning. I use it everyday. I have researched and tried many other learning methods, but THIS ONE IS THE BEST most integrated, complete and truly current."
testimonial 5
Mark Kohr
May 3, 2025

★★★★★

Rated 4.9/5 based on 170+ reviews

Social login (faster)