Adverbs formed from adjectives: An introduction
Many Italian adverbs are formed from adjectives.
This happens in English as well: many adjectives can be transformed into adverbs by adding the suffix “-ly”, as in “sure” (adjective) → “surely” (adverb), “slow” (adjective) → “slowly” (adverb), etc.
Adverbs formed from adjectives: Conjugation
Forming adverbs from adjectives in Italian is pretty straightforward. There are only three rules concerning their conjugation:
- For adjectives that end in -a/-o for their singular form:
We simply add the suffix “-mente” to the adjective feminine singular form
Examples:
- lento/ f. lenta (slow – adjective) → Lentamente (slowly – adverb)
- m. certo/ certa (sure – adjective) → certamente (surely – adverb)
- m. raro/ rara (rare – adjective) → raramente (rarely – adverb)
- For adjectives that end in -e for their singular form:
We simply add the suffix “-mente” to the adjective singular form
Examples:
m./f. felice (happy – adjective) → felicemente (happily – adverb)
m./f. forte (strong – adjective) → fortemente (strongly – adverb)
m./f. veloce (fast – adjective) → velocemente (fast – adverb)
- For adjectives that end with the syllable -le, -la, –re, or -ra:
We eliminate the last “e” and add the suffix “-mente”:
Examples:
m./f. gentile (kind – adjective) → gentilmente (kindly – adverb)
m./f. abile (skillful – adjective) → abilmente (skillfully – adverb)
m. leggero/ leggera (light – adjective) → leggermente (lightly – adverb)
Adverbs formed from adjectives: Rules
Where are Italian adverbs positioned inside a sentence?
Let’s take a look at some examples:
- Italian adverbs usually go immediately after the verb.
Luca parla educatamente.
Luca speaks politely.
Sto mangiando lentamente perché sono quasi pieno.
I’m eating slowly because I’m almost full.
Loro vanno raramente in palestra.
They rarely go to the gym.
- When they refer to the whole meaning of a sentence, they can go at the beginning or at the end of that sentence:
Veramente, non ti stavo ascoltando.
Frankly, I wasn’t listening to you.
Chiaramente, non hai capito niente!
Clearly, you didn’t understand anything!
Faccio esercizio fisico regolarmente.
I exercise regularly.
Practice with Quizlet
Here's a set of flashcards and quizzes to practice this grammar topic.How to make comparisons
You can make comparisons with either names or adjectives.
Check out this lesson on how to make comparisons in Italian.
