Pronouns at the end of the verb: Italian grammar lesson 166

Pronouns

To get started with today’s lesson, have a look at the following sentences:

In the examples above, la and gli are pronouns and mean “it” and “him”, respectively.

Pronouns are those tiny words that refer to objects or people.

We use pronouns when we don’t need or want to name someone or something directly.

This might be because we have just mentioned them (like what we just did with “them” referring to “pronouns”) or because it’s obvious who or what we’re referring to.

If you need to review Italian pronouns, we recommend having a look at the following two posts:

• Direct object pronouns
• Indirect object pronouns

In today’s post, we’re going to focus on pronouns at the end of the verb .

Pronouns at the end of the verb

In Italian, in certain cases (not always!), we can place the pronouns at the end of the verb.

This means the pronoun is joined onto the verb.

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There are two specific cases when we can do this:

• With a verb in the infinitive (like fare, vedere, etc.)
• With a verb in the imperative (like “fai!”, “vedi!”, etc.)

Have a look at some examples:

Infinitive + pronoun in Italian

There are three verbs that are usually followed by a verb in the infinitive:

• Potere (can/to be able to)
  Example: Posso venire? (Can I come?)
• Dovere (must/to have to)
  Example: Devi finire tutto. (You have to finish everything.)
• Volere (to want to)
  Example: Non voglio uscire. (I don’t want to go out.)

Now that you know this, have a look at these two examples and see if you notice anything:

You probably noticed both sentences mean exactly the same.

This is because both options are correct: we can place the pronoun before the verb in the infinitive or at the end of it.

It’s up to you to choose how to doit.

If you decide to attach the pronoun to the verb, here’s one rule you need to know:

• The final -e of the infinitive is dropped: fare + lo becomes farlo.

Infinitive + pronoun in Italian: examples

Let’s have a look at some more examples with a pronoun at the end of the verb in the infinitive:

We can also have both pronouns at the end of the verb. In this case, the indirect object always goes before the direct object pronoun.

Let’s have a look at some examples with both pronouns at the end of the verb:

Also, sometimes it’s possible to have two infinitive verbs close to each other, so you’re free to place the pronoun at the end of either, like in the examples below:

Imperative + pronoun in Italian

We also place pronouns at the end of verbs in the imperative.

We use the imperative to give orders and instructions (e.g.: “Sit down!”, Come here!”).

Unlike with the infinitive, with the imperative this is obligatory, which means placing the pronoun before the verb in the imperative is wrong.

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Here’s one example:

Here’s a rule you need to keep in mind:

• If the verb consists of just one syllable, we double the consonant the pronoun starts with (except in the case of gli).

And here are two examples:

There’s only one exception to this rule concerning the imperative: when we’re addressing someone in a formal way and we use the formal lei.

Only in this case, the pronoun goes BEFORE the verb like in the examples below:

Imperative + pronoun in Italian: examples

Let’s have a look at some more examples with a pronoun at the end of the verb in the imperative:

And here are some examples with both pronouns at the end of the verb:

Again, when we add both pronouns at the end of the verb, the indirect object goes before the direct object pronoun.

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